A longstanding dispute in comparative law concerns convergence and divergence among different legal systems. The proponents of convergence note that legal systems confront functionally similar problems, which require them to adopt similar solutions. The advocates of divergence counter that legal systems rest on distinct principles, which have an enduring infuence that resists assimilation to a…
This Article examines the legal and constitutional implications of a signifcant yet underexplored development in U.S. foreign relations: the emergence of algorithmic foreign policy, where artifcial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly infuencing or autonomously generating decisions traditionally reserved for human policymakers. From autonomous weapons systems to AI-enhanced surveillance pacts and predictive diplomacy tools, executive agreements…
Semiconductors’ geopolitical and geo-economic importance has surged. The intensifying U.S.–China confrontation and the rapid permeation of artifcial intelligence have made semiconductors even more critical, making them one of the most crucial strategic products. Realizing this, the new Trump administration aims to expedite the ongoing restructuring of the global supply chain of semiconductors. Despite the importance…
Soft international law is in every corner, in particular those upon multinational corporations (MNCs). How to harden soft international law on MNCs is a continuing issue yet with unsatisfed solutions. Previously, scholars have proposed to create legally binding treaty or deploy soft international law in international arbitral decisions. However, those approaches cannot suffciently harden soft…
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